Graphite SNMP计数器转换

我使用石墨版本0.9.10读取ifHCInOctets和ifHCOutOctets ，我正在使用collectd snmp和graphite_write插件进行轮询; 我正在使用collectd版本5.1.0。

数据到达石墨没有问题; 不过，我想以秒为单位来绘制graphics。为了testing我的统计数据是否正确，我开始了一个CD iso下载并观察下载速率…它在1.0Mbps和2.0Mbps之间变化。

常识告诉你，你需要将八位字节计数器乘以8才能得到位; 不过，我似乎需要用8分来正确地显示石墨。

当我乘以0.125比例因子， scale(scaleToSeconds(nonNegativeDerivative(<SERIES>), 60),0.125) ，该公式正确转换为每秒位数，我看到1Mpbs和2Mbps之间的数字…

正确的比例 - 0.125

当我乘以一个8.0的比例因子scale(scaleToSeconds(nonNegativeDerivative(<SERIES>), 60),8) ，结果显然是错误的…graphics在120Mbps时达到峰值。我知道这是错误的，因为这是一个带有5米帽子的住宅电缆调制解调器。

规模不对

问题：如果我将八位字节发送给石墨，为什么scale(<foo>, 8)产生不正确的结果？

/opt/collectd/etc/collectd.conf

 LoadPlugin syslog LoadPlugin cpu LoadPlugin interface LoadPlugin load LoadPlugin memory LoadPlugin network LoadPlugin snmp LoadPlugin write_graphite <Plugin snmp> <Data "std_traffic"> Type "if_octets" Table true Instance "IF-MIB::ifName" Values "IF-MIB::ifHCInOctets" "IF-MIB::ifHCOutOctets" </Data> <Host "fw.pennington.net"> Address "172.16.1.1" Version 2 Community "public" Collect "std_traffic" Interval 60 </Host> </Plugin> <Plugin write_graphite> <Carbon> Host "localhost" Port "2003" Prefix "" Postfix "" StoreRates false AlwaysAppendDS false EscapeCharacter "_" </Carbon> </Plugin>

/opt/graphite/conf/storage-schema.conf:

 [carbon] pattern = ^carbon\. retentions = 60s:90d [default] pattern = .* retentions = 60s:1w, 5m:1y

/opt/graphite/conf/carbon.conf:

 [cache] USER = carbon MAX_CACHE_SIZE = inf MAX_UPDATES_PER_SECOND = 500 MAX_CREATES_PER_MINUTE = 50 LINE_RECEIVER_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 LINE_RECEIVER_PORT = 2003 ENABLE_UDP_LISTENER = False UDP_RECEIVER_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 UDP_RECEIVER_PORT = 2003 PICKLE_RECEIVER_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 PICKLE_RECEIVER_PORT = 2004 USE_INSECURE_UNPICKLER = False CACHE_QUERY_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 CACHE_QUERY_PORT = 7002 USE_FLOW_CONTROL = True LOG_UPDATES = False WHISPER_AUTOFLUSH = False [relay] LINE_RECEIVER_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 LINE_RECEIVER_PORT = 2013 PICKLE_RECEIVER_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 PICKLE_RECEIVER_PORT = 2014 RELAY_METHOD = rules REPLICATION_FACTOR = 1 DESTINATIONS = 127.0.0.1:2004 MAX_DATAPOINTS_PER_MESSAGE = 500 MAX_QUEUE_SIZE = 10000 USE_FLOW_CONTROL = True [aggregator] LINE_RECEIVER_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 LINE_RECEIVER_PORT = 2023 PICKLE_RECEIVER_INTERFACE = 0.0.0.0 PICKLE_RECEIVER_PORT = 2024 DESTINATIONS = 127.0.0.1:2004 REPLICATION_FACTOR = 1 MAX_QUEUE_SIZE = 10000 USE_FLOW_CONTROL = True MAX_DATAPOINTS_PER_MESSAGE = 500 MAX_AGGREGATION_INTERVALS = 5

从whisper-fetch.py输出

 root@tsunami:/opt/graphite/conf# python /usr/local/bin/whisper-fetch.py --pretty /opt/graphite/storage/whisper/fw_pennington_net/snmp/if_octets-Ethernet0_0/rx.wsp Mon Sep 10 02:53:00 2012 110454375894.000000 ... Tue Sep 11 02:50:00 2012 110532796093.000000 Tue Sep 11 02:51:00 2012 110532819931.000000 <------------ Correct Tue Sep 11 02:52:00 2012 None root@tsunami:/opt/graphite/conf#

从show interface eth0/0输出

 mpenning-fw# sh int eth0/0 Interface Ethernet0/0 "", is up, line protocol is up Hardware is 88E6095, BW 100 Mbps, DLY 100 usec Auto-Duplex(Full-duplex), Auto-Speed(100 Mbps) Description: TIME WARNER 5Mbps circuit Available but not configured via nameif MAC address 0019.0726.4a39, MTU not set IP address unassigned 157040376 packets input, 110532814004 bytes, 0 no buffer ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Received 68921847 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 L2 decode drops 8589974681 switch ingress policy drops 57851429 packets output, 8036229250 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collisions, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 rate limit drops 0 switch egress policy drops mpenning-fw#

如果你想要每秒钟的位数，你需要指定1而不是60作为scaleToSeconds()函数的第二个参数，就像你想要的每秒而不是每分钟一样。（助记符：这是秒，而不是从几秒钟:)

这是实现该function的原始补丁。它可以澄清。

我花了几个小时试图让这个在Grafana v2.6中正常工作，并找不到正确的解决scheme。所以这里是：

确保在/etc/carbon/storage-aggregation.conf定义了正确的Storage Aggregation

我有我的所有networking设备前缀net

[net] pattern = ^net.* retentions = 10s:7d,5m:180d,5m:5y

创build/etc/collectd/collectd.conf.d/snmp.conf并添加以下内容：

 FQDNLookup true AutoLoadPlugin true Interval 10 LoadPlugin syslog <Plugin syslog> LogLevel info </Plugin> LoadPlugin contextswitch LoadPlugin cpu LoadPlugin df LoadPlugin entropy LoadPlugin interface LoadPlugin irq LoadPlugin load LoadPlugin memory LoadPlugin processes #LoadPlugin sensors LoadPlugin swap LoadPlugin unixsock LoadPlugin users LoadPlugin write_graphite <Plugin write_graphite> <Node "stats"> Host "stats.foo.com" Port "2003" Protocol "tcp" LogSendErrors true Prefix "net." SeparateInstances true StoreRates true AlwaysAppendDS false EscapeCharacter "_" </Node> </Plugin> <Plugin unixsock> SocketFile "/var/run/collectd-unixsock" SocketGroup "adm" SocketPerms "0660" </Plugin> <Plugin df> # ignore rootfs; else, the root file-system would appear twice, causing # one of the updates to fail and spam the log FSType rootfs # ignore the usual virtual / temporary file-systems FSType sysfs FSType proc FSType devtmpfs FSType devpts FSType tmpfs FSType fusectl FSType cgroup IgnoreSelected true </Plugin> # added a special types.db for cisco devices TypesDB "/usr/share/collectd/types.db" "/usr/share/collectd/types.custom.db" LoadPlugin snmp <Plugin snmp> # the <Data> name is what to <Collect> down in the <Host> blocks # the "Type" must be from the list included in /usr/share/collectd/types.db (or custom.db) <Data "if_octets"> Type "if_octets" Table true # Note: I use ifAlias so that it shows the Interface Descriptions instead just "GigabitEthernet_1_0_0, etc. But of course, make sure you have interface descriptions if you use this :) Instance "IF-MIB::ifAlias" Values "IF-MIB::ifHCInOctets" "IF-MIB::ifHCOutOctets" </Data> <Data "if_errors"> Type "if_errors" Table true Instance "IF-MIB::ifAlias" Values "IF-MIB::ifInErrors" "IF-MIB::ifOutErrors" </Data> <Data "cisco_cpu"> Type "cisco_cpu" Table true Values "CISCO-PROCESS-MIB::cpmCPUTotal5secRev" "CISCO-PROCESS-MIB::cpmCPUTotal1minRev" "CISCO-PROCESS-MIB::cpmCPUTotal5minRev" </Data> <Data "uptime"> Type "uptime" Table false Instance "Uptime" scale 0.01 Values "DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance" </Data> <Data "memory_free"> Type "memory_free" Table true Instance "CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB::ciscoMemoryPoolName" Values "CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB::ciscoMemoryPoolFree" </Data> <Data "memory_used"> Type "memory_used" Table true Instance "CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB::ciscoMemoryPoolName" Values "CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB::ciscoMemoryPoolUsed" </Data> # Hosts: <Host "rtr"> Address "192.168.1.1" Version 2 Community "public" Collect "if_octets" "cisco_cpu" "uptime" Interval 10 </Host> <Host "switch"> Address "192.168.1.254" Version 2 Community "public" Collect "if_octets" "cisco_cpu" "uptime" Interval 10 </Host> </Plugin>

下面是custom.db：（我不记得我在哪里得到原来的，但感谢那个家伙！）

 if_stats ifHCInOctets:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutOctets:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCInUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCInMulticastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCInBroadcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutMulticastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutBroadcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifInDiscards:COUNTER:0:U, ifInErrors:COUNTER:0:U, ifOutDiscards:COUNTER:0:U, ifOutErrors:COUNTER:0:U if_octets_hc ifHCInOctets:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutOctets:COUNTER:0:U if_packets_hc ifHCInUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCInMcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCInBcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutMcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifHCOutBcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U if_drop_discard_err_que ifInDiscards:COUNTER:0:U, ifInErrors:COUNTER:0:U, ifOutDiscards:COUNTER:0:U, ifOutErrors:COUNTER:0:U if_rgpackets ifInUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifInNUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifOutUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U, ifOutNUcastPkts:COUNTER:0:U sensors sensorValue:GAUGE:U:U, sensorThreshold:GAUGE:U:U uptime uptime:GAUGE:U:U cisco_cpu cpu5sec:GAUGE:0:100, cpu1min:GAUGE:0:100, cpu5min:GAUGE:0:100 routes ipv4routes:GAUGE:0:U, ipv6routes:GAUGE:0:U, mcastroutes:GAUGE:0:U ipsla rttAdmNumDistBkt:GAUGE:0:200, rttAdmDistInt:GAUGE:0:200, rttTotalsInit:COUNTER:0:U, rttCollectDrops:COUNTER:0:U, rttCollectTimeouts:COUNTER:0:U, rttCptComplTimeMn:GAUGE:0:100000, rttCptComplTimeMx:GAUGE:0:100000, rttCptSumCmpTm2Hi:COUNTER:0:U, rttCptSumCmpTm2Lo:COUNTER:0:U, rttCptSumCmpTm:COUNTER:0:U, rttCptOverThres:COUNTER:0:U ipslaminimal rttCptCompletions:COUNTER:0:U ipsla2 rttCollectTimeouts:COUNTER:0:U

如果任何人有正确的configuration（和types.custom.db ）来跟踪其他思科指标，如电源，双工，风扇，（尤其是）NBAR等请分享！

在Grafana中，像这样configurationgraphics：

 alias(scale(scaleToSeconds(net.rtr.snmp.if_octets.RTR-Outside-Gi0_0.rx, 0.125), 3600), 'Download')

您需要用您的设备名称replacenet.rtr.snmp.if_octets.RTR-Outside-Gi0_0 ifAlias

我正在运行Graphite 0.9.9和scaleToSeconds不适用于我。为了解决这个问题，你需要详细了解这个指标。以我的例子：

1000baseT接口使用图

Y值以百万计，而不是Mbps。您可以通过在graphicsURL中设置yUnitSystem = none来validation。其次，八位字节是8位数据，这是一个字节。我的2000000000字节（八位字节）的峰值是一个每分钟的度量，所以更多的意义，让它做math：

2000000000B /60s≈33333333B/s≈32兆字节/s≈254兆比特/秒

千兆位以太网（1000 Mbps）接口上的254 Mbps完全在其能力之内。我希望这有帮助。